Abdominal Quadrants – (nine quadrants)
Right Hypochondriac à right lobe of liver à gall bladder à Superior portion of kidney | Epigastic à left lobe & medial right lobe of liver à part of stomach àupper intestine à head of pancreas à adrenal glands | Left Hypochondriac à stomach à spleen à Superior portion of kidney à tail of pancreas |
Right Lumbar à intestine à ascending colon à inferior portion of kidney à small intestine | Umbilical à middle of transverse colon à inferior duodenum | Left Lumbar à descending colon à lower kidney à small intestine |
Right Iliac (inguinal) à appendix à small intestine | Hypogastric (pubic) à bladder à small intestine | Left Iliac (inguinal) à parts of colon à small intestine |
Medical ImagingRadiology = X-raysRoentgenogram = 2 dimensional shadow imageComputed tomography (CT) Scanning = uses X-rays with computer technologyDynamic Spatial Reconstruction (DSR) = constructs a moving 3-dim. life-size imageMagnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) = concentrates on the nuclei of atomsUltra sound (US) = uses high frequency sound waves
Homeostasis – is a condition in which the body’s internal environment remains within certain physiological limitsIn order for cells to survive, the composition of surrounding fluids must be precisely maintained at all timesExtracellular fluid – outside cells (found in 2 places) interstitial or intercellular called plasmaIntracellular – fluid within cells